A discussion of environmentalism from a spiritual point of view must address one basic issue: what is man’s relationship with the environment? Indeed, the question of the environment is actually one of a three-way relationship: man, G-d, and the world. The universe is not an accidental occurrence, but rather the handiwork of a Divine Creator. The purpose of the creation of the universe is to provide a physical setting in which man can serve G-d. From this it follows that man plays a central role in the purpose of creation. The greatest wonder of all is the fact that the planet earth possesses the conditions that enable human life. Man’s unique gifts give him a unique role in the stewardship of planet earth, and thus present him with an enormous responsibility. Thus, we are the guardians of our planet, because only we have the ability to curb our personal natures for the sake of a greater good. But man’s dominion over nature is not without limitations. It is qualified by the moral obligations placed upon him by the Torah (Law) itself. He is entitled to utilize the resources of the environment to further human existence, but he is not entitled to abuse the environment unnecessarily. Underlying this active role of man is a fundamental concept of Torah philosophy: man was created to bring improvement to the world. For reasons ultimately unknown to us, G-d allows us to become partners in the work of creation. The Torah postulates the view that it is not the environment that is entitled to protection, but rather man who holds the responsibility to protect the environment. Environmental policy consists of man assuming the role of steward. In this role, he is obligated to balance the legitimate needs of human population, on the one hand, with respect of God’s handiwork on the other hand. Human needs allow man to use natural resources. Respect for God’s handiwork obliges man not to destroy gratuitously.