The article brings a short survey of organization of nature protection in the Czech and Slovak Republic. In the Czech Republic the protection of nature is provided by organs of administration as villages, district offices, administration of national parks and protected landscape areas, the Czech inspection of the environment and the Ministry of the environment. According to territorial delimitation the district offices or administrations of national parks and protected landscape areas are the basic elements having official function. Professionality of administration is ensured by the Czech institute of nature protection and its regional centres. In Slovakia besides the Ministry of the environment (before the Slovak Committee of the Environment), the district offices of the environment, the Slovak inspection of the environment as well as villages with limited special rules are the organs of administration. Changes appeared also in organization of the management of state nature protection. The Centre of state nature protection has been divided into 9 organizations with legal subjectivity directly managed by the Ministry of the environment of the Slovak Republic (administration of national parks and centres of state nature protection). Professionality is ensured by the Slovak institute of nature protection.