Significant changes in land use and landscape structure were studied in a typical rural landscape in Central Bohemia using old cadastral maps and aerial photographs. In spite of the deep changes, traces and consequences of a long-term historical development are reflected in present landscape features. Knowledge of the historical development of rural landscape and its segments is necessary for its present or future ecological stabilization. Historical analysis of the landscape development permits to distinguish localities and sites with different intensity of land use and different frequency of its changes during history. As a result of the research, knowledge of the dynamics of the landscape development can help to design elements of the territorial systems of landscape ecological stability on local levels.