The landscape of the Most region before the era of lignite mining can be considered a system with relatively balanced state between the optimal function of the water regime, ecosystem structure and anthropogenic activities. Historical maps, particularly the maps of the Stable Cadastre, document the state and development of this landscape type. Data obtained from Indicative Sketches of the Stable Cadastre have been evaluated and applied on the present concept of the landscape stabilisation elements (ÚSES), by which the first map of the landscape historical ecological stability was created. This historical ÚSES is the background information the detailed analysis of which can be used for the prognosis of controlled landscape development, or for obtaining background data for qualified decisions on the future of the Most basin.